This result can severely limit the efficiency of nonlinear frequency conversion processes, especially when using tightly targeted laser beams.

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直光纤只有很小的随机双折射，即使这样其中的光传输一段距离后偏振状态也会发生变化。存在保偏光纤，是利用了很强的双折射来抑制这些效应。 

One of several rays passing by means of an anisotropic crystal obeys the legal guidelines of regular refraction, and travels with the very same velocity in each and every way from the crystal. This mild ray is termed the ordinary ray. The opposite ray travels using a velocity that is dependent on the propagation way throughout the crystal, which is termed the remarkable ray.

polarization. Round birefringence is usually induced by a magnetic field; this is called the Faraday influence. Begin to see the post on optical action for aspects.

Calcite together with other anisotropic crystals work as when they were isotropic materials (such as glass) under these circumstances. The optical route lengths of the light rays emerging within the crystal are similar, and there is no relative phase change.

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In other circumstances, application of a powerful electrical subject has similar outcomes, e.g. in glasses. The momentary software of this kind of field may even trigger a frozen-in polarization, which means which the induced birefringence stays even after eradicating the exterior area.

For bulk optical supplies, it is also popular to take into consideration the real difference of refractive indices for the two polarization directions. The bigger that big difference, the more substantial the attained retardance per millimeter of propagation duration.

双折射现象的明显例子是方解石。透过方解石的菱面体就可以看到明显重影。

The birefringence of nonlinear crystal components permits birefringent phase matching of nonlinear interactions. In essence, more info Therefore birefringence compensates the wavelength dependence on the refractive index.

当光束在双折射晶体表面发生折射是，折射角与偏振方向有关。这样非偏振光束在非垂直入射到材料中的情况下分为两个线性偏振的光（双折射）。当非偏振光射向一个物体，如果采用双折射晶体看该物体，会出现两个像。 

We offer a wide array of polarizers and polarization optics for a variety of makes use of. Selecting the proper polarization optic on your software can be quite a bewildering task, as we offer a wide range for many different works by using.

In laser technology and nonlinear optics, the phenomenon of birefringence occurs largely during the context of non-isotropic crystals:

On the whole, biological and connected components have a magnetic permeability pretty in the vicinity of one.0, as do lots of conducting and non-conducting specimens of interest into the microscopist. The dielectric regular of a cloth is for that reason connected with the refractive index by way of a basic equation: